Animals studied by Americans rush about frantically, with an incredible display of hustle and pep, and at last achieve the desired result by chance. Animals observed by Germans sit still and think, and at last evolve the solution out of their inner consciousness.
The manner in which animals learn has been much studied in recent years, with a great deal of patient observation and experiment. [...] One may say broadly that all the animals that have been carefully observed have behaved so as to confirm the philosophy in which the observer believed before his observations began. 
Bertrand Russel, Outline of Philosophy, 1927 (in G. Hofstede, Culture and Organizations: Software of the Mind).